February 15th, 2008
State officials haven’t approved a major capital construction plan since 1999, the first year of former Gov. George Ryan’s administration.
Whether they pull it off this year — amid continuing, maybe growing, acrimony in Springfield — is anybody’s guess. But even if they manage to clear their political obstacles, they may an emerging financial one. As Stateline.org reports, bonding — the type of borrowing the state must do to support a capital plan — is getting more expensive.
The problem isn’t with cities or states issuing the securities but with the insurance carriers that promise to pay interest and principal on municipal bonds in the unlikely event that states or local governments default. In recent years, the insurance carriers also began guaranteeing securities based on car loans, commercial real-estate deals, credit card debt and mortgages, including subprime loans that are now defaulting.
Here’s where it may hit home:
The bad loans are threatening to cause securities ratings firms such as Moody’s Investors Service, Fitch Ratings Ltd. and Standard & Poor’s to drop the credit rating of the insurers, which in turn would drop the credit rating of bonds they insure.
A ratings drop would drive up costs for state and local governments, forcing them to pay higher interest rates to borrow, or could keep investors away in a time of tight credit.
The Wall Street Journal has more, but you must be a subscriber to read the whole thing.
February 11th, 2008
Dan Hynes, the state’s generally low-key comptroller, today moved to undercut any attempt next week by Gov. Rod Blagojevich to paint the state’s fiscal picture as rosy. He said Illinois is poised to “retain its status of having the worst deficit in the nation for the fourth year in a row.”
Hynes issued a “special” report on state finances from 2003 — the year Blagojevich took office as governor — through the current fiscal year. The report’s conclusion:
The fiscal outlook for Illinois is not optimistic. The state has failed to build up reserves or address the underlying structural problems of the state’s budget – in particular, the pension and Medicaid liabilities. At the same time as the economy appears to be slowing, the Governor has promised expansions in health care without a permanent revenue source to pay for them. This lack of reserves – and the Medicaid and pension payments “albatrosses” – will be a drag on the state when it faces an inevitable economic downturn, likely already underway.
Blagojevich is scheduled to deliver his annual state of the state/budget address next week, Feb. 20. Presumably, Hot Rod will not be pointing to the state’s ongoing fiscal problems, which continued under his watch. Hynes apparently is doing his part to let folks know what’s up. He touted his souring report as a “fiscal state of the state.”
It’s just the latest look at the state’s increasingly ugly fiscal situation. More here. I asked the governor’s office for a response to the Hynes special report, but they never got back to me.
Hynes suggests that Illinois, during Blagojevich’s tenure, blew a tremendous opportunity to get its budget in the black during Blagojevich’s tenure.
During this period of national economic growth, most other states took advantage of their increased revenues to stabilize their financial positions. Illinois, when measured on the more comprehensive GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) basis, still sustains a deficit, ending fiscal year 2007 nearly $3.6 billion in the red based on preliminary unaudited estimates. While this is an improvement from the record $4.166 billion GAAP deficit recorded in fiscal year 2003, it provides Illinois the dubious opportunity to retain its status of having the worst deficit in the nation for the fourth year in a row.
In greater detail, he first describes the revenue side:
Since the end of the last recession in
2001, Illinois has been unable to regain its fiscal
footing despite impressive and consistent revenue
performance.
The state’s fiscal position bottomed out in fiscal
year 2003 as General Funds revenues from individual
and corporate income taxes fell when compared
to the prior year and sales taxes were flat.
Now for the bill backlog:
The backlog of General Funds bills awaiting payment
in the Comptroller’s Office that spring
peaked at $2.4 billion and the payment delays after
bills were filed with the office reached 51 days.
The state was forced to short-term borrow $1.5
billion in May 2003.
At the end of fiscal year 2003, even in spite of the
short-term borrowing, Illinois was holding $874
million in bills, plus delaying income tax refund
payments and holding bills at state agencies. The
state’s GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles) deficit reached an all-time high of
$4.166 billion.
Back to revenue. Hynes says Illinois failed to capitalize on rebounding economy:
However, a rebounding economy provided Illinois
with strong revenue growth. General Funds revenues
in fiscal year 2007 totaled $28.6 billion,
nearly $5.6 billion higher than the amount collected
in fiscal year 2003. This reflects a trend increase
of $1.4 billion a year, or over 5.5% annually.
The kicker:
Yet, financial stability has remained out of reach.
Illinois’ spending in many programmatic areas has
grown, but several key areas of governmental activity
have not been addressed, leaving the state
poorly prepared for the next economic downturn,
a phenomenon that may already be underway.
In July 2006, the Register Star was the first to report that Illinois had logged the worst deficit in the nation. We examined audited financial reports from all 50 states and concluded:
The rebounding national economy meant extra cash in the coffers of nearly every state in the union.
Nearly every state, except Illinois.
Illinois was one of three states to finish the 2005 budget year with a deficit — of $3 billion, to be exact — in its central checking account, a Register Star analysis found. Illinois’ deficit was the largest in the nation. Wisconsin and North Carolina are also in the red; every other state finished with a surplus.
A few days later, WGN asked Blagojevich about the $3 billion deficit.
“That is not true,” the governor said. “In fact, we have a balanced budget. The law requires it. You can’t have a budget unless it’s balanced.”
In fact, it was true. A column I wrote explained the state Constitution’s “balanced budget” provision, which states that, “Appropriations for a fiscal year shall not exceed funds estimated by the General Assembly to be available during that year.”
The state does have both a “balanced” budget and a deficit. It’s been that way since before Blagojevich. It remains that way under him.
The state Constitution says lawmakers may not appropriate spending in excess of the cash the state is expected to take in over the budget year. It does not prohibit a deficit.
Each year, lawmakers simply don’t delineate spending on bills the state won’t have enough money to cover. They shove the other bills, primarily those from health-care providers, into the next year.
This is how they comply with the constitution. Last summer, Blagojevich’s administration rolled $3 billion of these bills to the next budget.
This is a ton of info, I know. If you’re still craving more, check out this article by Charlie Wheeler, director of the public affairs reporting program at the University of Illinois at Springfield.
February 8th, 2008
State revenue through the end of this fiscal year may well fall $600 million or more short of expectations, according to the Legislature’s revenue forecasting agency. The year ends June 30.
Yes, $600 million is real money. A shortfall that large could mean serious problems for a state whose backlog of unpaid bills already is endemic. Doctors, hospitals, other health care providers, and other state vendors often wait months to get paid.
The full report is here. Discussion of the projected revenue shortfall begins on page 3.
In summary:
While the FY 2008 budget was implemented with the hopes of recording approximately $1.6 billion in revenue growth–actual performance through January, teamed with a slowing economy, point to revenues falling well short of those expectations. While the Commission will be providing an official estimate at a scheduled March 5th meeting, receipts to date coupled with an anticipated slowing in personal income tax growth could result in overall growth struggling even to reach $1 billion.
The State Journal-Register has more.
What about the next fiscal year, which begins July 1? The revenue picture does not look good. The forecasting agency’s report continues:
Given the current uncertain status of the economy the revenue picture for FY 2009 is far from clear. However, it would appear that limited base growth is the best that can be hoped for. Unfortunately, appetites for expanded health care, education, capital needs, and other worthy programs continue to build. Add to that the continued pension funding pressure, bills incurred but unable to be paid, and the resulting budgetary difficulties continue to build without any signs of slowing.
UPDATE 1
What does all this mean? It’s hard to say.
Certainly, we’ll know much more on Feb. 20, when Gov. Blagojevich announces his budget plan for the next fiscal year. Blagojevich, like many of his fellow Democrats, has a penchant for feel-good, expensive new programs. Remember last year when he proposed (unsuccessfully) his version of universal health care, backed by the largest tax increase in Illinois history?
It’s hard to imagine the governor going a year without a major spending initiative. And he’s not the only one craving more spending. Lawmakers of both political parties typically have their own new spending priorities, which may well be very different (therefore, on top of) the governor’s priorities. They want the state to build new roads, put more money in classrooms, etc.
What do you get when you combine huge appetites for more spending and a general reluctance to raise the income or sales tax, not to mention a governor who refuses to acknowledge the state’s dire fiscal realities? A potential fiscal trainwreck.
February 7th, 2008
First it was slowing state revenue, thanks to the slowing economy. Now it’s slowing interest income on the state’s investments, thanks to the slowing economy.
Over the next two years, that lost interest income could add up to real money, and that could only aggravate the state’s deteriorating fiscal position. So says a letter released Thursday from state Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias.
In the last fiscal year, which ended last June 30, Giannoulias said the state earned nearly $426 million on its investments. But during the current fiscal year, which ends June 30, he predicted the interest income would total less than $400 million.
The big hit is expected to occur in the next fiscal year, which begins July 1. Giannoulias predicted interest income could drop by roughly half:
The state will feel the full impact of the lower rates and asset size in fiscal year 2009 when we project that interest income will only total between $184 million and $243 million. Previous economic downturns produced declining yields and declining investment balances for up to two years.
Even if the yields return to fiscal year 2007 levels faster than anticipated, total interest income will probably not rise to previous levels because the amount of funds invested will still be smaller. We anticipate that our interest income will not recover to fiscal year 2007 levels for quite some time.
The treasurer concludes:
This anticipated reduction in interest income poses significant challenges for the state’s fiscal outlook going forward, and I urge the Governor and members of the General Assembly to provide the fiscal responsibility and leadership necessary to offset this decline. At the same time, the State Treasurer’s Office will work to further enhance the state portfolio and continue to protect and secure state investments from unnecessary risk.
The interest income is allocated under a statutory formula. In the last fiscal year, the state’s general revenue fund — its central checking account — got 47 percent of the dollars. The rest went to special-purpose funds.
UPDATE 1
The State Journal-Register has more.
UPDATE 2
I should have noted this earlier. State officials are mulling a short-term borrowing plan to help play down a backlog of bills.
